When teaching a client how to care for his tracheostomy at home, which instruction should the nurse include?

Using tracheostomy covers when outdoors is an essential instruction for a client with a tracheostomy, providing both protection and moisture to the airway. These covers can help filter dust and allergens, which is particularly important when the individual is exposed to outdoor environments. This practice can enhance comfort and reduce the likelihood of respiratory complications caused by environmental factors.

In contrast, while cleaning and maintaining a tracheostomy is paramount, removing the outer cannula for routine cleaning should be approached with caution to prevent unintentional decannulation and airway obstruction. Sterile technique is crucial in a clinical setting but may not be necessary in all aspects of home care, where clean technique may suffice. Cleaning irritated skin with full strength hydrogen peroxide can harm the skin, as it can be too harsh; diluted solutions or other skin-friendly products are typically recommended.