When assessing for edema, which part of the body is typically examined first?

When assessing for edema, the lower extremities are typically examined first because they are the most common areas where fluid accumulation occurs. Conditions such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis, or venous insufficiency often lead to peripheral edema that prominently manifests in the legs and feet. Starting the assessment in the lower extremities allows for early identification of these issues, particularly since gravity plays a significant role in fluid distribution.

Examining the lower extremities first also provides a clear and systematic approach to assessing the extent and severity of edema, as comparison can be made between the two legs. This is especially important in identifying unilateral versus bilateral edema, which can provide critical information about the underlying cause.

While other areas such as the upper extremities, abdomen, and head and neck can show signs of edema, they are less commonly affected. Therefore, the lower extremities are prioritized to ensure thorough and effective assessment, making this choice the most appropriate for initial examination.