When a peripheral IV site shows signs of infiltration, what is the first action the nurse should take?

Stopping the IV infusion is the most critical first action when a peripheral IV site shows signs of infiltration. Infiltration occurs when intravenous fluid or medication leaks into the surrounding tissue instead of entering the bloodstream. This leakage can lead to swelling, pain, and potential tissue damage. By stopping the IV infusion immediately, the nurse prevents further fluid from entering the subcutaneous tissue, which helps minimize possible complications.

Once the infusion is stopped, other actions can be taken, such as applying heat, elevating the affected limb, or starting a new IV in a different location. However, halting the infusion is essential to address the immediate problem of the infiltration and to safeguard the patient's comfort and safety. This is a fundamental step in IV management when complications arise, emphasizing the nurse’s role in promptly addressing issues to prevent further harm.